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| 中英对照：研究揭示印泰艾滋病感染者死亡更快 |
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作者：99艾滋 |
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来源：未知 |
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日期：2007-12-11 |
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研究揭示印泰艾滋病感染者死亡更快
Light shed on rapid HIV deaths in India and Thailand
最近的艾滋病病毒研究发现了印度和泰国艾滋病病毒感染者发病和死亡速度更快。
Recent HIV research has shed light on the faster progression to disease and death of HIV-infected people in India and Thailand.
美国约翰霍普金斯大学布隆伯格公共卫生学院在泰国进行了两项实验，一项在年轻的新兵中间开展，另一项在献血者和他们的妻子中间开展。这组科学家将结果与非洲、欧洲和美国的艾滋病从感染到死亡的时间进行了比较，结果发现感染了E亚型艾滋病病毒的患者——这是泰国流行的毒株——发病速度比感染其他类型的患者更快。
The US-based John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health conducted two studies in Thailand, one in young military recruits and one in blood donors and their wives. The researchers compared the results with infection-to-death rates in Africa, Europe and the United States and found that people infected with subtype E — the predominant strain in Thailand — developed disease faster than people infected with other subtypes.
这两项研究发表在了上个月（11月）的《艾滋病》杂志上。
Both studies were published in the journal AIDS last month (November).
平均起来，泰国男性从感染艾滋病病毒到死亡的时间是7.8年，女性是9.6年，而欧洲和北美艾滋病病毒感染者的数字是11年。
On average, the time between HIV infection and death was 7.8 years in Thai men and 9.6 years in women compared to 11 years in HIV positive people in Europe and North America.
唯一的例外是D亚型艾滋病病毒，它能导致非洲感染者更低的生存率，与泰国的这项研究发现的生存率类似。
The only exception was subtype D, which causes lower survival rates in infected people in Africa, similar to rates found in the Thai study.
目前至少有9种艾滋病病毒亚型，还有这几种亚型的重组类型。泰国流行的是E亚型，印度流行的是C亚型，而欧美常见的是B亚型。其他亚型出现在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。
There are at least nine HIV subtypes in total, and several recombinants of these. Subtype E dominates in Thailand and subtype C in India — unlike Europe and the United States where subtype B is common. The other subtypes are present in Sub-Saharan Africa.
布隆伯格医学院流行病学和国际卫生系的教授Kenrad Nelson是论文的作者之一，他告诉本网站说，还需要更多的研究证实为什么E亚型的感染者比其他亚型的感染者发病和死亡都快，但是他相信其中一个原因可能是病毒感染一系列免疫细胞的差异。
Kenrad Nelson, professor in the departments of epidemiology and international health at the Bloomberg School, who co-authored the papers, told SciDev.Net that more studies are needed to confirm why people infected with subtype E develop disease and die faster than most other subtypes, but he believes one reason could be differences in the way the virus infects a variety of immune cells.
另一项关于在印度分离出的C亚型的研究是由德里的国际遗传工程和生物技术中心(ICGEB)、昌迪加尔的医学教育和研究研究生院以及美国亚利桑那大学开展的。
A separate study on Indian isolates of subtype C was conducted by a team from the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) in Delhi, the Postgraduate Institute for Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh and the US-based University of Arizona.
这种亚型也见于非洲和部分拉丁美洲地区，它正在全世界迅速地扩展。
This subtype, which is also present in Africa and parts of Latin America, is rapidly spreading across the world.
该研究组发现了C亚型艾滋病病毒gp120蛋白（艾滋病病毒与目标细胞结合所必需的蛋白）的一个特定区域对于增加病毒复制率、高病毒载量和更快的发病过程有贡献。
The team identified a specific region of a HIV protein called 'gp 120' — necessary for the HIV virus to bind to the target cell — in subtype C that contributes to increased rates of replication, high viral load and faster disease progression.
他们的研究结果发表在了上个月（11月）的《病毒学杂志》（Virology）上。
Their results were published in Virology Journal last month (November).
这组科学家说这些结果还表明了可能有一个基因负责编码该区域，而且它可能导致了C亚型的迅速传播，这个基因也让C亚型更多地感染了那些原来其他亚型艾滋病病毒高发的群体。
The researchers say the results also indicate a possible gene that codes for the region and could be responsible for the rapid spread of HIV subtype C and its ability to dominate in populations that initially had higher incidence of other HIV subtypes.
ICGEB的病毒学家Shahid Jameel指出，C亚型在全世界更加贫困、缺乏良好卫生和营养的地区更加流行。“未来还需要研究到底是该病毒本身造成了更快速的流行，还是其他因素也有影响。”
ICGEB virologist Shahid Jameel points out that subtype C is prevalent in more impoverished regions of the world with little access to good health and nutrition. "Whether the virus is only responsible for faster spread or nutrition and other factors too are involved need to be studied in future."
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